What is a 'cranial prosthesis'?

Short Answer

A cranial prosthesis is a wig prescribed for medical hair loss. It's the same product — the difference is in insurance coverage and paperwork, not quality.

A cranial prosthesis is a wig specifically designed and prescribed for medical hair loss. It's not a different product — it's the same high-quality wig you'd find in any collection. The difference is in how it's classified, prescribed, and sometimes covered by insurance.

If you've heard this term and felt confused, you're not alone. The language around wigs can feel clinical and distant, especially when you're already navigating something emotional. Let's break it down in plain terms so you can make the best choice for your life.

Cranial prosthesis vs wig: What's the actual difference?

Functionally, there is no difference. Both are wigs. Both serve the same purpose: giving you beautiful, natural-looking hair.

The term "cranial prosthesis" is used in medical and insurance contexts. When a doctor writes a prescription for hair loss due to a medical condition — like alopecia, chemotherapy, or a scalp condition — the wig becomes a cranial prosthesis. That terminology allows it to be billed as a medical device, which may make it eligible for insurance coverage or tax deductions.

A "wig" is the same product, but it's purchased without a prescription. Many women buy wigs for style, convenience, protective styling, or personal preference. There's no medical documentation involved.

Same product. Different paperwork.

Why the medical term matters (and when it doesn't)

If you're experiencing hair loss due to a medical condition, getting a prescription for a cranial prosthesis can open the door to financial assistance. Some insurance plans cover part or all of the cost. You may also be able to use FSA or HSA funds, or claim it as a medical expense on your taxes.

But here's what many women don't realize: you don't need a prescription to buy a high-quality wig. If your insurance doesn't cover it, or if navigating that process feels overwhelming, you can purchase the exact same wig without the medical label.

The wig itself doesn't change. Your right to wear it doesn't change. The only difference is whether you're working within the insurance system or buying directly.

How to decide which path is right for you

This decision isn't just financial — it's emotional and practical. Here's how to think through it based on your lifestyle and needs.

Consider a prescription if:

You have medical documentation of hair loss (alopecia, chemotherapy, thyroid conditions, autoimmune disorders, etc.). Your insurance plan includes coverage for durable medical equipment or prosthetics. You're comfortable navigating paperwork, claims, and possible reimbursement delays. You want to maximize financial support during a difficult time.

Skip the prescription if:

Your insurance doesn't cover cranial prostheses, or the process feels too complicated. You want immediate access without waiting for approvals. You're purchasing a wig for non-medical reasons, like style or convenience. You prefer privacy and don't want to involve your insurance company.

Both paths are valid. Neither makes your experience more or less legitimate.

What to know before you shop

Whether you're seeking a cranial prosthesis or shopping for a wig, the same wig buying guide principles apply.

Cap construction matters. Look for breathable, comfortable caps with adjustable sizing. Monofilament tops and lace fronts offer the most natural look, especially if you have little to no hair underneath.

Consider your daily routine. Do you need something low-maintenance? Glueless? Heat-friendly for styling? Think about how the wig fits into your life, not just how it looks in photos.

Don't rush the decision. If you're in the research phase, take your time. Many women in our BossCrowns community have shared that their first wig taught them what they really wanted in their second. That's not failure — that's learning.

Ask about return policies. Some companies allow exchanges or returns within a certain window. This can reduce the pressure of getting it "perfect" the first time.

The real question isn't what it's called — it's what you need

You don't need to know all the medical jargon to make a good decision. You don't need to justify your choice to anyone.

What matters is this: Does the wig feel comfortable? Does it fit your life? Does it help you feel more like yourself?

The term "cranial prosthesis" exists to help you access financial support if you qualify. But it doesn't define the wig, and it doesn't define you. You're not wearing a medical device. You're wearing beautiful hair that happens to be removable.

That distinction might seem small, but for many women, it's everything.

You're allowed to choose what feels right

Some women want the insurance route. Some want the simplicity of buying directly. Some start with one path and switch to the other.

There's no wrong way to do this. The best wig shopping tips come down to one truth: trust yourself. You know your budget, your timeline, your comfort level with paperwork, and your need for privacy or support.

How to choose a wig isn't just about cap construction or hair type. It's about choosing what serves you — emotionally, practically, financially.

You're not just buying a product. You're making a decision that honors where you are right now. And that deserves respect, no matter what you call it.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is a cranial prosthesis different from a regular wig?

No. A cranial prosthesis is the same product as a wig. The term is used for insurance and medical billing purposes when prescribed by a doctor.

Do I need a prescription to buy a wig for medical hair loss?

No, you can purchase a wig without a prescription. A prescription is only needed if you want to pursue insurance coverage or reimbursement.

Will insurance cover my wig if I call it a cranial prosthesis?

It depends on your plan. Some insurance policies cover cranial prostheses with a doctor's prescription, but coverage varies widely. Check with your provider first.